Free Digital SAT Practice Test 1 | Reading and Writing Module 2 (Hard)

Reading and Writing Module 2 (Hard) Question 16

Many species of venomous snakes have erythrophores and xanthophores in their skin, pigments that contribute to the formation of the snakes’ distinct colors. These pigments produce bright and intense hues, and because they are strongly associated with the venomous nature of the snakes, the vibrant colors generally serve as a warning to their predators. However, herpetologist Raymond B. Cowles and others have noticed that non-venomous species such as the San Francisco garter snake use iridophores in their skin to reflect and scatter light, creating the appearance of vibrant colors without the snakes necessarily having the pigments to produce them. These findings suggest that ______

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

individual Sa n Francisco garter snakes can signal honest warnings against predators without relying on the pigments that produce bright colors.
herpetologists have yet to discover why San Francisco garter snakes have not evolved to be venomous.
the appearance of San Francisco garter snakes may function as a deceptive warning to its predators.
the vibrant colors of San Francisco garter snakes may not be as strongly associated with danger as the colors of venomous snakes.

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